1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Santayana, George

SANTAYANA, GEORGE (1863-⁠), American philosopher and writer, was born in Madrid, Spain, Dec. 16 1863. At the age of nine he came to America and was educated at Harvard (A.B. 1886; Ph.D. 1889), where he taught from 1889 to 1912 as instructor, assistant professor, and, after 1907, as professor of philosophy. He then retired to devote his time to literary work. In 1905 he was Hyde Lecturer at the Sorbonne. He was a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters. His chief work is The Life of Reason: or the Phases of Human Progress (1905-6), 5 vols., entitled respectively Reason in Common Sense; Reason in Society; Reason in Religion; Reason in Art and Reason in Science. His other writings include: Sonnets and Other Verses (1894); Lucifer, a Theological Tragedy (1899); Three Philosophical Poets (1910); Winds of Doctrine; Studies in Contemporary Opinion (1913); Egotism in German Philosophy (1916) and Character and Opinion in the United States; with Reminiscences of William James and Josiah Royce, and Academic Life in America (1920).